Lecture topic: Synthetic cells – how to stay “alive”?
What keeps matter alive? This question remains one of the most profound in science — not least because we still lack a universal definition of life. Yet, most researchers agree that compartmentalization, metabolism, and self-replication are the essential hallmarks of living systems.
In our group, we assemble life-like materials by using synthetic cells as interactive building blocks. Within these systems, the transduction of energy and information is central to organizing life-like behaviors and enabling complex, autonomous functions. These processes begin at the molecular scale through chemical reactions and self-assembly and extend to engineering continuous fluxes of energy and matter that maintain the system far from thermodynamic equilibrium.
In this lecture, I will introduce fundamental strategies to guide and sustain life-like systems out of equilibrium by designing minimal metabolic reaction networks. We will examine how membrane proteins enable the construction of selectively open, active compartments that serve as chassis for synthetic cells. I will conclude by discussing our research on metabolically active vesicles that act as self-sustaining nanoreactors, artificial mitochondria, and interdependent cross-feeding organelles.